Z94.12.5 Metal Machining

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MACHINABILITY. The qualitative property of a work material, subjected to the machining operation, that reflects on the ease or difficulty with which the operation takes place. It is usually quantified by tool wear, surface finish, and cutting forces.

MACHINE TOOL ERROR. The difference between the actual postion and the intended position of the tool tip. This error includes the kinematics errors of a cool machine and thermal errors due to changes in temperature distributions in the machine tool structure.

MACHINE TOOL ERROR COMPENSATION. An approach to correct machine tool errors by compensating the estimated errors based on mathematical models and in-process measurements, which can be temperature measurements, measurements of the errors of specific referencing points, etc. A joint study by Purdue University and the National Institute of Standard and Technology published in 1985 indicated the potential improvement in machine tool accuracy can be 10 times. This level of improvement has been subsequently confirmed by many other studies and applications.

MACHINING CELL. An assembly of one or more programmable machine tools served by a single work
manipulator.

MACHINING CENTER. A machine tool that is equipped with an automatic tool changer and performs operations on different surfaces of a workpiece. It is usually a computer numerical control machine.

METAL REMOVAL RATE (MRR). The volume of metal removed in one minute of cutting time.

METROLOGY FRAME. A separate stationary reference frame whose position the machine tool's axes are measured with respect to. Metrology frame should not be freed of the effects due to dynamic or static loads and thermal distortions.

MILLING. An important machining operation to produce flat surfaces, slots, and other configurations. Milling cutters have multiple cutting edges.

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