Z94.12.2 Foundry/Casting
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FACING, FACING MATERIAL. Coating material applied to the surface of a mold to protect the sand from the heat of the molten metal; also to impart smooth surface to casting.
FEEDER, FEEDER HEAD. A reservoir of molten metal to compensate for the contraction of metal as it solidifies. Molten metal flowing from the feed head, also known as a riser, prevents voids in casting.
FEEDER, SAND. A device for discharging a uniform thickness or volume of sand onto a belt or other conveying equipment to maintain uniform delivery.
FEEDING. Pourning additional molten metal into a freshly poured mold to compensate for volume shrinkage while the casting is solidifying. Also the continuous supply of molten metal, as from a riser, to the solidifying metal in the casting. Also refers to keeping risers open by manipulation of feeding rods.
FERRITIC STEELS. Steels in which ferrite is the predominate phase. These steels are magnetic.
FERRITIC MATRIX. In iron castings, the term refers to cast irons that have a large percentage of ferrite in the microstructures.
FETTLE. A British term that refers to the process of removing all runners and risers and cleaning off adhering sand from the casting surface.
FILLET. Concave corner piece usually used at the intersection of right-angle surfaces (that would otherwise meet at an angle) on pattens and core boxes. A struck fillet is one that is dressed to shape in place, usually of wax. A planted fillet is one made separately and affixed in place. Fillets used at recentrant angles in cast shapes lessen the danger of cracks and aviod "fillet shrinkages."
FIN. A thin projection of metal from the casting, formed as a result of imperfect mold or core joints.
FINENESS, SAND. The extent of subdivision of a foundry sand, as determined by the AFS fineness test.
FINES. A term the meaning of which varies with the type of foundry or the type of work. It refers to those sand grain sizes substantially smaller than the predominating grain size.
FINISH ALLOWANCE. Amount of stock left on the surface of a casting for machine finish.
FIRECLAY. A clay with a high fusion temperature.
FIRE SAND. A refractory sand which resists high temperatures.
FLASK. Metal or wood frame without top and without fixed bottom used to hold the sand of which a mold is formed; usually consists of two parts, cope and drag.
FLASKLESS MOLDING. Sand is blown into a slip flask and then it is squeezed so firmly around the pattern that it is difficult to strip the mold without a special stripping station. Once made the mold is so strong that no flasks are needed. The making time is about 5 seconds per cycle. With a shuttle, twice that speed can be achieved.
FLOWABILITY. The property of a foundry sand mixture which enables it to fill pattern recesses and move in any direction against pattern surfaces under pressure.
FLUIDITY. The ability of molten metal to flow readily as measured by the length of standard spiral casting.
FOUNDING. The science of melting and casting of metals into useful objects to serve the needs of man and industry.
FOUNDRY. A building, establishment, or works where metal castings are produced.
FOUNDRY FACING. Material, usually carbonaceous, applied to the surface of a sand mold to prevent the molten metal from penetrating and reacting with the molding sand.
FOUNDRYMAN. Craftsman employed in the production of metal castings.
FOUNDRY RETURNS. Metal in the form of gates, sprues, runners, risers, and scrapped castings returned to the furnace for remelting.
FREEZING RANGE. That range of temperature between liquidus and solidus temperatures in which molten and solid constituents coexist.
FRONT SLAGGING. A process wherein both slag and molten metal flow out through the taphole. The slag is then skimmed off the surface of the molten metal.
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