Z94.17 - Work Design and Measurement

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RANDOM ELEMENT. (See FOREIGN ELEMENT.)

RANDOM SAMPLE. A sample selected in such a way that each element of the population being sampled has an equal chance of being selected.

RATE. (1) Hourly wage rate. (2) To evaluate the observed performance of a task in comparison with some concept of normal performance. (3) The quantity of output produced per unit of time. (4) The quantity of output produced expressed as a percent of either capacity or normal output. (5) Piece rate. (See PERFORMANCE RATING.)

RATE CHANGE. (1) Rate refers to production in time; an increase in a production or time standard made because of a revision in product design, quality requirements, production methods, materials, or conditions. (2) Rate refers to amounts of money; an increase or decrease in money paid per unit of time or unit of output.

RATE CUTTING. The arbitrary reduction of a standard time or incentive pay rate. Not considered good practice.

RATED AVERAGE ELEMENT TIME. (See NORMAL ELEMENT TIME.)

RATE SETTING. (1) The establishment of pay per unit for incentive work. (2) The establishment of a standard time. Syn: rate determination.

RATING. (See PERFORMANCE RATING.)

RATIO-DELAY STUDY. (See WORK SAMPLING.)

RAW TIME. (See ACTUAL TIME.)

READING POINT. (See BREAKPOINT.)

REASONABLE EXPECTANCY (RE). Usually used in short interval scheduling, the time standards issued with work assignments representing normal performance. RE work loads are set for short term periods. Standards may be estimated or established through work measurement.

REENGINEERING. Is the rethinking and unconstrained redesign of business processes to achieve improvements in measures of performance, such as costs, quality, service, organization structures and other company aspects.

REGULAR ELEMENT. An element of an operation or process that occurs either every cycle of the operation or process, or occurs frequently and in a fixed pattern with the cycles of that operation or process. For example, once every third cycle or four cycles out of five.

RELAXATION ALLOWANCE. (See FATIGUE ALLOWANCE, PERSONAL ALLOWANCE.)

REPETITIVE ELEMENT. (See REGULAR ELEMENT.)

REPETITIVE TIMING. A stopwatch technique where a time value is read and recorded at each breakpoint and the watch is instantaneously reset to zero to begin timing the next element. Syn: snapback timing.

REST ALLOWANCE. (See FATIGUE ALLOWANCE, PERSONAL ALLOWANCE.)

RESTRICTED ELEMENT. (See RESTRICTED WORK.)

RESTRICTED WORK. Manual or human-machine work for which the pace or speed of work is not completely under the control of the worker. (See MACHINE-CONTROLLED TIME.)

REWORK. (1) The process of correcting a defect or deficiency in a product or part. (2) Units of product requiring correction.

RIGHT- AND LEFT-HAND CHART. A chart on which the motions made by one hand in relation to those made by the other hand are recorded using standard process chart symbols or basic therblig abbreviations or symbols. (See OPERATOR PROCESS CHART.)

RUCKER® PLAN. A proprietary gain sharing plan that measures economic gains as a ratio of dollar payroll to value added, established as sales dollars minus material costs.
RULE OF 80-20. (See PARETO'S LAW.)

RUNOUT TIME. Time required by machine tools after cutting time is completed before the tool and material are completely free of interference so that the next sequence of operations can proceed.

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