Z94.16 - Quality Assurance & Reliability

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Bibliography

FAILURE.  The termination of the ability of any item to perform its required function. [4:191-04-01]

FAILURE ANALYSIS.  The logical, systematic examination of a failed item to identify and analyze the failure mechanism, the failure cause, and the consequences of failure. [4: 191-16-12]

FAILURE, COMPLETE.  Failure which results in the complete inability of an item to perform all required functions. [4: 191-04-20]

FAILURE CRITERIA.  Rules for failure relevancy such as specified limits for the acceptability of an item.

FAILURE, DEGRADATION.  Failures which is both a gradual failure and a partial failure. [4: 191-04-22]

FAILURE, DEPENDENT.  One which is caused by the failure of an associated item(s).  Not independent. [7]

FAILURE, GRADUAL.  A failure due to a gradual change with time of given characteristics of an item.  Note: A gradual failure may be anticipated by prior examination or monitoring and can sometimes be avoided by preventive maintenance. [4: 191-04-11]

FAILURE, INDEPENDENT.  One which occurs without being related to the failure of associated items.  Not dependent. [7]

FAILURE, INHERENT WEAKNESS.  Failures attributable to weakness inherent in the item itself when subjected to stresses within the stated capabilities of that item.

FAILURE MECHANISM.  The physical, chemical or other process which results in a failure. [4: 191-04-18]

FAILURE, MISUSE.  A failure due to the application of stresses during use which exceed the stated capabilities of the item. [4: 191-04-04]

FAILURE MODE.  The effect by which a failure is observed; for example, an open or short circuit condition, or a gain change.

FAILURE, PARTIAL.  A failure which results in the inability of an item to perform some, but not all required functions. [4: 191-04-21]

FAILURE, RANDOM.  Any failure whose occurrence is unpredictable in an absolute sense but which is predictable only in a probabilistic or statistical sense [7]

FAILURE RATE.  The number of failures of an item per unit measure of life (cycles, time, miles, events, etc., as applicable for the item). [7]

FAILURE RATE ACCELERATION FACTOR.  The ratio of the failure rate under accelerated testing conditions to the failure rate under stated reference test conditions. [4:191-14-11]

FAILURE RATE, ASSESSED.  The failure rate of an item determined as a limiting value or values of the confidence interval with a stated confidence level, based on the same data as the observed failure rate of nominally identical items.

FAILURE RATE, EXTRAPOLATED.  Extension by a defined extrapolation or interpolation of the observed or assessed failure rate for durations and/or conditions different from those applying to the conditions of that observed or assessed failure rate.

FAILURE RATE, OBSERVED.  The ratio of the total number of failures in a sample to the total cumulation observed time on that sample.  The observed failure rate is to be associated with particular, and stated time intervals (or summation of intervals) in the life of the items, and with stated conditions.

FAILURE RATE, PREDICTED.  For the stated conditions of use and the design considerations of an item, the failure rate computed from the observed, assessed or extrapolated failure rates of its parts.

FAILURE, SECONDARY.  Failure of an item caused either directly or indirectly by the failure of another item.

FAILURE, SUDDEN.  Failures that could not be anticipated by prior examination. [4: 191-04-10]

FAILURE, WEAR-OUT.  A failure whose probability of occurrence increases with the passage of time, as a result of processes inherent in the item. [4: 191-04-09]

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