Z94.15 - Organization Planning and Theory

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NEED HIERARCHY. A particular theory about the operation of needs in the organism, introduced by Abraham Maslow. The major assertion is that classes of needs are arranged in a hierarchy, with the most basic biological needs at the bottom and the more variable psychological needs near the top. The theory says that "higher" needs cannot be activated until "lower" needs are relatively satisfied. The theory has led to a variety of shorthand phrases for describing "where a person is" in the need hierarchy at a given time; e.g., "esteem level," "social level," "security level," etc. This particular theory also was the basis for McGregor's Theory X-Theory Y formulation.

NETWORK. An increasingly common term for talking about a large set of individuals who are in regular touch by virtue of some common set of interests. They need not belong to the same organization. To say that a person is "in the network" is to say not only that he or she is in communication, but also that his or her values and behavior are somehow organic in relation to the others. It is a modern variant of the older phrases, to be a "member of the club" or to be "one of the boys (girls)."

NOMINAL GROUP TECHNIQUE. A group decision method in which individual members meet face to face to pool their judgements in a systematic but independent fashion.

NORMS. Acceptable standards of behavior within a group that are shared by the group's members.

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