Z94.8 Facility Planning & Design
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LABORATORY. The space and resources assigned to perform analysis, research, testing or experimental activities.
LANYARD. A rope suitable for supporting one person. One end is fastened to a safety belt or harness and the other end is secured to a substantial object or a lifeline.
LAYOUT. (1) A scaled two-dimensional drawing or scaled three dimensional model created by hand or computer or using templates, icons and other display devices. (2) Physical arrangement of machines, workstations and support services in a manufacturing facility.
LEAD STORAGE BATTERY—AIEE (60.08.011). A lead storage battery is a storage battery the electrodes of which are made of lead and the electrolyte consisting of a solution of sulfuric acid. (These cells have a nominal voltage of 2.0.)
LESS-THAN-CARLOAD (LCL). That weight which is the minimum required for the assessment of normal carload rates. These carload (CL) rates can be further reduced by exceeding the related minimum weight, using multiple cars, or contracting for a unit train (such as coal shipments from mines to utility plants.)
LESS-THAN-TRUCKLOAD. A shipment that requires a fraction of a vehicle's capacity (both in terms of volume and weight).
LEVEL. Pertains to the storage height of a row of arms, or base or shelf, on the same horizontal plane. For example: a third level would indicate the third load or storage plane from the floor.
LIFELINE. A rope, suitable for supporting one person, to which a lanyard or safety belt (or harness) is attached.
LIFT. The vertical travel of the lifting device.
LIFTING MAGNET. An electromagnetic device for attracting and holding ferrous materials for hoisting.
LIFT-OUT LINKS OR TRACK OPENERS. Sections of monorail or runway track arranged to lift or swing out of the line of track to permit door operation.
LIFT SECTION. A section of track which can be raised out of alignment with a stationary track.
LIFT SPEED. The vertical velocity of the lifting mechanism.
LIFT TABLE. A stationary or mobile platform that can be raised or lowered or tilted to provide working space at various angles and heights for a variety of applications.
LIFT TRUCK. An industrial truck equipped with a lifting device, e.g., clamps, push-pull attachment, or forks.
LIGHT PEN. A hand held scanning wand which is used as a contact bar code reader.
LIMIT SWITCH. A device actuated by the motion of another object to alter an electric circuit.
LINE ITEM. A single item of inventory separately identified, but not limited by quantity.
LINE LAYOUT. A type of layout suitable for mass production in which machines, workstations and support services are arranged along a straight, U-shaped, L-shaped, S-shaped, or Z-shaped line in a sequence corresponding to the operational sequence of the dominant part(s).
LINE OF FLOW. The route of travel for people and/or material during a process or procedure.
LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS (LP GAS) (NBFU #58). A fuel which is composed predominantly of any of the following hydrocarbons, or mixtures of them: propane, propylene, butanes (normal butane or isobutane), and butylenes.
LIVE LOAD. The load being moved not including the weight of equipment being used to effect the movement.
LOAD AXLE. The vehicle axle nearest the load.
LOAD BACKREST EXTENSION. A device extending vertically from the fork carriage frame.
LOAD BAR. A load-carrying member between carrier heads or carriers.
LOAD BLOCK. The assembly of hook, swivel, bearing, sheaves, pins and frame suspended by the hoisting ropes.
LOAD CARRYING FLANGE. The lower flange of the track on which the load bearing wheels roll.
LOAD CENTERING DEVICE. A horizontal mechanism to ensure loads are centered when being transferred between two conveyor lines that are in angular relation to one another.
LOAD CENTER. The horizontal longitudinal distance from the intersection of the horizontal load-carrying surfaces and vertical load-engaging face of the forks (or equivalent load positioning structure) to the center of gravity of the load.
LOADED. When not otherwise specified, “loaded” is understood to mean the condition when the truck is handling the equivalent of a symmetrical cubic load.
LOAD HEIGHT. Maximum overall dimension from the bottom of a pallet or load module to the top of the load.
LOADING PLATFORM. An area of a warehouse or other facility where merchandise is received or shipped. The height of the structure is usually designed to conform to truck bed height on the truck side of the facility, and to rail car bed height on the rail car facility.
LOAD LENGTH. (1) The length of a load being handled by a forklift truck. It is measured from the heel of the forks to the front of the load. (2) Maximum overall dimension of a pallet or load module and load in the direction perpendicular to the length of the aisle.
LOAD MOMENT. In counterbalanced trucks, reach trucks, and sideloaders, the nominal moment produced by the load tending to overturn the truck.
LOAD MOMENT CONSTANT. In a counterbalanced truck, the longitudinal horizontal dimension from the overturning axis to the vertical load-engaging face with mast vertical.
LOAD OVERHANG. The amount of load projection past the base of a pallet or load module in any direction.
LOAD WIDTH. Maximum overall dimension of a pallet or load module and load in the direction parallel to the aisle.
LOCATOR SYSTEM. A record that shows the exact location of items stored within a storage activity.
LOCOMOTIVE CRANE. A portable crane mounted on a base or car equipped for travel on a railroad track which may be self-propelled or propelled by an outside source.
LOFT. A large room or space above the first floor, generally enclosed only by the exterior walls of the building. A loft can be either the top story of any type of building or all of the upper stories of a multistoried industrial building, and generally is intended for division into one large space only.
LOOPING TABLE. A roller, wheel, or other suitable type of conveyor located between two metal strip processing units over which the strip can loop when the forward machine slows down.
LOWERING CONVEYOR. Any type of vertical conveyor for lowering objects at a controlled speed. (See ARM CONVEYOR; SUSPENDED TRAY CONVEYOR; INCLINED RECIPROCATING CONVEYOR; VERTICAL RECIPROCATING CONVEYOR.)
LOW-LIFT PALLET TRUCK. A self-loading industrial truck equipped with wheeled forks of dimensions to go between the top and bottom boards of a double-faced pallet, and having wheels capable of lowering into spaces between the bottom boards so as to raise the pallet off the floor for transporting.
LOW-LIFT PLATFORM TRUCK. A self-loading industrial truck equipped with a load platform intended primarily for transporting loaded skid platforms.
LOW-LIFT TRUCK. A self-loading truck equipped with an elevating mechanism designed to raise the load only sufficiently to permit horizontal movement. (Popular types are low lift platform truck and pallet truck.)
LOW SOLID TIRE. A solid tire having a low flat profile in cross section.
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